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- #help.tut Extra help on tutorials
- #define.stb ON LINE GLOSSARY
-
- /* The Comptroller's Office of the State of Florida recently
- released an information guide to avoid penny stock fraud. Many of
- the things which are stated in this information guide are
- applicable to any investment. I hate to say this, but in most
- instances of securities fraud there are two guilty parties-- the
- person selling the fraud and the person who allowed himself to be
- defrauded! Read and learn. This pamphlet is reprinted with the
- kind permission of the State. If you follow the guidelines in
- this publication, you will eliminate or reduce the possibility of
- losing you money to stock fraud in general.*/
-
- As Comptroller of the State of Florida, I am responsible for the
- regulation of securities dealers, finance companies and state
- chartered institutions such as banks, credit unions, and savings
- and loan associations. My office, the Department of Banking and
- Finance, receives numerous complaints from investors who have
- lost money by purchasing penny stocks. As a result, we have been
- working with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
- Federal Bureau of Investigation to curtail these abuses. We have
- instituted a three part program to accomplish this: (1) pursuing
- legal action against companies and individuals who fraudulently
- sell this product; (2) amending our statute to give us greater
- power to investigate and take action against offenders; and (3)
- making the public aware of the pitfalls of investing in penny
- stocks.
-
- WHAT ARE PENNY STOCKS
-
- Penny stocks are low priced shares, usually selling under $ 5.00
- per share initially. With few exceptions, they are not traded on
- the national stock exchanges (such as the New York or American
- Stock Exchange) or quoted on the National Association of
- Securities Dealers Automated Quotation (NASDAQ) system. Some
- penny stocks are sold legitimately, but a number are sold
- fraudulently.
-
- Penny stocks are traded on the over the counter (OTC) market. For
- stocks listed on an exchange or quoted on NASDAQ, volume and
- price information is collected electronically and made available
- to the public. For many penny stocks, the brokerage firm trading
- the shares is the only source of information about price and
- volume and usually they only provide information about the trades
- that they have made. Also, they may be the only place where you
- can sell the stock, at whatever amount the offer to pay.
-
- One private company prints a daily list of firms, known as the
- "Pink Sheets", which includes the price of some OTC stocks. Some
- newspapers publish the price of certain penny stocks. However,
- information about many penny stocks is not published or available
- to the public and the public price is not necessarily the price
- for which you can sell your stock.
-
- WARNING SIGNS OF PENNY STOCK FRAUD
-
- 1. Unsolicited telephone calls. Beware of a sales person who
- promises you quick profits with little or no risk. Remember, if
- an investment opportunity sounds too good to be true, it probably
- is!
-
- 2. High pressure sales tactics. These may include statements by
- the salesperson, such as:
-
- he has "inside" information on a stock and you should
- purchase now, before it comes public;
-
- you have a unique opportunity for a short period of time to
- buy a stock at a special or below market price;
-
- the price has already risen several times and you should
- purchase immediately before it goes even higher; or
-
- you may buy a particular stock only if you agree to buy
- another company's as well.
-
- 3. Inability to sell your stock and receive cash. Fraudulent
- penny stock brokers will strongly resist your desire to sell your
- stock for cash, often insisting that you buy another stock in its
- place. You may be unable to reach your broker when you want to
- sell.
-
- INVESTIGATE BEFORE YOU INVEST
-
- No stock rises in price all the time. Penny stock investments are
- highly speculative. Be sure you understand the risk of loss--
- including the possible loss of your entire investment. The
- following risks are greater for penny stocks than other
- investments.
-
- Risk of Market Domination and Price Manipulation. Many penny
- stocks are traded by a single brokerage firm or only by a few
- firms. This means that the broker may have a monopoly and may
- take unfair advantage of you by manipulating the price.
- Frequently, they will run up the price of the stock and then
- cease trading it all together, allowing the value of the stock to
- fall drastically.
-
- Risk of excessive charges. Brokerage firms that specialize in
- penny stocks generally earn their profits by charging "mark-ups"
- above the price the firm pays for the stock. The State of Florida
- and the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) set
- limits on the amount a firm may mark up the price of a stock.
- Some firms charge mark-ups as high as 100% or more. Undisclosed,
- excessive mark-ups are illegal under state and federal laws.
- because of the limited number of firms selling these stocks and
- the limited availability of current price information, the
- opportunity for unscrupulous brokerage firms to overcharge you is
- a particular risk.
-
- Lack of Stock Price Information. Frequently, it is impossible for
- you to get stock price and volume traded information from anyone
- other than your broker. This makes it difficult to monitor your
- broker's recommendation or changes in the value of your
- investment.
-
- Lack of Information About Your Investment. Companies listed on an
- exchange or quoted on NASDAQ are required to make quarterly and
- annual reports of financial conditions available to the public.
- Many penny stock firms do not make this information available.
-
- Before you buy any stock, but especially a penny stock, consider
- these important steps.
-
- Check out your alternatives. If your broker's firm is the only
- one actively trading the stock, you will be dependent on that
- firm. If you become unhappy with the investment or the broker,
- you may not be able to sell the stock elsewhere.
-
- Obtain Information. ASk your broke for written information about
- the company. If the broker will not provide it or tells you there
- is not time to read it, beware!
-
- Check Out Your Broker. Inquire about the broker's experience and
- background and that of the firm as well. Ask the salesperson if
- he and his firm are registered with my office and the NASD.
- Request that he confirm this information in writing, then call my
- toll free hotline at 1-800-848-3792 to verify the information and
- see if there has been regulatory action taken against the firm or
- the salesperson.
-
- Keep Records. Ask to send you written copies of any predictions
- about the performance of the stock. Keep notes of what he tells
- you.
-
- Ask About Price. Ask your broker the price that the firm is
- currently paying other customers for their stock, as well as the
- price at which it is selling the stock to you-- this is the mark-
- up. A large difference suggests that you may be at a serious
- disadvantage when you try to sell your stock.
-
- IF YOU FEEL THAT YOU ARE A VICTIM
-
- 1. Confirm any instructions to your broker by certified letter or
- telegram.
-
- 2. Document your complaint and bring it to the attention of the
- branch manager, compliance officer, or president of the firm.
-
- 3. If you cannot resolve the problem with the company or if you
- suspect fraud, call my toll free Hot Line at 1-800-848-3792. My
- staff will be happy to assist you.
-
- /* This is either for Floridians or those who are dealing with
- Florida based brokers. */
-
- YOU CAN HELP
-
- Please help us fight penny stock fraud. Many investment scams are
- brought to our attention by the potential target of that scam--
- you, the investor. If you receive telephone calls or sales
- material that you believe is fraudulent, please report it to my
- toll free Hot Line, 1-800-848-3792.
-
- /* Again for Floridians or those receiving solicitations from
- Florida based brokers. */
-
- Help protect other investors from losing their hard earned
- dollars. Also, if you have information or problems with other
- state financial institutions, please call the Hot Line. Thank
- you.